九五至尊

The Color of Death: Legacy of Agent Orange Still Plagues Vietnam After Decades of Peace_我的网站

一 |     很多游客前往长岛游玩，除了观赏海岛自然景观，最核心的需求之一就是品尝地道鲜活的海产，因此兼具住宿、餐饮功能的渔家乐，成为不少游客的旅居选择。

二 | 作为海岛旅游的特色旅居选择，长岛民宿及渔家乐的服务水平近年也在不断升级，游客在挑选主打当日现捕海产的渔家乐时，可以从区位、住宿、餐饮、服务多个维度进行综合考量。

三 |     区位选择优先靠近核心景区与海岸          长岛的核心自然景观集中在南北长山岛沿线，其中九丈崖、月牙湾是游客打卡率最高的两大景区，选择紧邻这类核心景区的渔家乐，能够大幅节省往返景区的通勤时间，提升游玩效率。    On August 10, 1961, American forces for the first time spayed Agent Orange in Vietnam as part of its herbicidal warfare program, Operation Ranch Hand.,Here’s a closer look into this highly toxic defoliant chemical, the use of which by the US military during the 1955-1975 Vietnam War resulted in up to one million people being disabled, according to the Red Cross of Vietnam’s estimates.,What is Agent Orange?,The defoliant derived its name from the color of the orange-striped US gallon barrels in which the chemical was shipped and stored.,It was created in 1940 and used in the United States as an agricultural defoliant, as it had the ability to kill some plants while leaving others unaffected.,Using the Defense Production Act of 1950, the US government prodded several American companies to make Agent Orange for military use. A 50:50 mixture of the herbicides 2,4,5-T and 2,4-D, the defoliant contains an extremely toxic dioxin compound.,Effects of Agent Orange,A 50:50 mixture of the 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, Agent Orange contains the Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, or TCDD, the most toxic of the dioxins, classified as a human carcinogen by the US Environmental Protection Agency.,Even short-term exposure to TCDD can cause cancer, liver problems and a severe acne-like skin disease, known as chloracne. The dioxin is also linked to type 2 diabetes, immune system dysfunction, nerve disorders, muscular dysfunction, hormone disruption and heart disease.,Additionally, the chemical can cause miscarriages, spina bifida and other problems with fetal brain and nervous system development.,Use of Agent Orange in Vietnam,During the 1955-1975 Vietnam war, the first US defoliation missions were launched near the Vietnamese village of Dak To in 1961.,The goal was to remove cover and concealment used by the Viet Cong and North Vietnamese Army, so as to reveal hidden bases, communications centers and potential targets, and to improve visibility in tracking troop movements.,More than 13 million gallons (about 59 million liters) of Agent Orange was used by the US military in Vietnam, or almost two-thirds of the total amount of herbicides used during the entire Vietnam War.,The chemical was available in slightly different mixtures, sometimes referred to as Agent Orange I, Agent Orange II, Agent Orange III and “Super Orange”.,End of Agent Orange?,In 1969, the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) urged the Pentagon to end its use of herbicides containing dioxin, specifically Agent Orange, something that the Department of Defense (DoD) eventually did.,Even so, the defoliation campaign continued, with the US military switching to Agent White, a chemical herbicide that did not contain the dioxin contaminant.,In May 1970, the US Air Force (USAF) flew its last defoliation mission, and almost a year later, the DoD announced that all crop destruction missions would also cease.,The remaining 2.22 million gallons of Agent Orange were moved by the USAF to Johnston Island Atoll in the South Pacific, where they were incinerated.,Legacy,The Vietnamese government said that up to four million people in the country were exposed to Agent Orange, and as many as three million people had suffered illness because of the defoliant.,The Vietnam Red Cross in turn pointed out that the defoliant had affected at least 150,000 children, and that babies in Vietnam are still being born with birth defects due to Agent Orange. In this regard, numerous studies revealed that dioxin levels are still in place in the blood samples of the citizens of both North and South Vietnam.,The chemical also caused immense environmental damage in Vietnam, with more than 3,100,000 hectares (31,000 km2) of forest being defoliated ( for comparison's sake, Taiwan measures 36,197 km2).,Opinion & AnalysisAnniversary of Agent Orange Disaster: Only United Can We Relieve the Suffering of Many Generations10:21 GMT,Agent Orange-related issues also emerged in the US after an increasing number of returning Vietnam veterans and their families began to report a range of health problems, including skin irritations, miscarriages, psychological symptoms, type 2 diabetes, birth defects in children and cancers such as Hodgkin’s disease, prostate cancer and leukemia.,1979 saw a class action lawsuit filed on behalf of 2.4 million US veterans, who were exposed to Agent Orange during their service in Vietnam. In 1984, seven major US chemical companies that manufactured the defoliant agreed to pay $180 million in damages to the veterans or their next of kin.,Vietnam War,The 1955-1975 Vietnam War, which involved Laos and Cambodia, pitted communist North Vietnam and the Viet Cong revolutionary organization against South Vietnam, supported by Washington.,Preconditions for the war pertained to the desire of North Vietnam, which defeated the French colonial administration in 1954, to unify the entire country under a single communist authority, like in the Soviet Union or China. The South Vietnamese government, for its part, sought to preserve a Vietnam more closely aligned with the West.,The US was concerned over the spread of communism to South Vietnam and then to the rest of Asia, which prompted Washington to end money, supplies and military advisers to help the South Vietnamese government.,On August 2, 1964, North Vietnamese boats attacked a US Navy destroyer, the USS Maddox, patrolling in the Gulf of Tonkin near Vietnam, in what was used by the White House as a pretext to escalate the war and send American combat units to the South East Asian country. However, the US costs and casualties in the war prompted Washington to withdraw American troops by 1973, and a couple of years later, South Vietnam fell to a full-scale invasion by the North.,An array of war crimes was committed by the US military during the war, including the My Lai massacre, in which up to 504 unarmed South Vietnamese civilians, including women, children, and infants, were killed by US Army soldiers on March 16, 1968.,Another war crime pertains to Operation Speedy Express, conducted by the US Army in Vietnam’s Mekong Delta between December 1968 and May 1969 as part of the American military’s effort to pacify the Viet Cong. The operation led to 5,000 to 7,000 casualties who were reported to have been civilians.。部分距离海岸较近的经营主体，游客步行即可抵达海边，无论是赶海、看海上日出日落，还是体验海边休闲活动都十分方便，不需要额外耗费交通成本，上岛游玩的整体体验会更顺畅。    住宿条件需兼顾舒适感与卫生标准     传统渔家乐普遍存在设施简陋、环境潮湿的问题，近年不少本地经营主体都完成了硬件升级，部分近两年全新装修的门店，风格简约温馨，房型覆盖单人、双人、家庭亲子、多人结伴等多种入住需求，能够适配亲子家庭游客、情侣及年轻结伴游客、中老年康养休闲游客、小型团队游客等不同人群的旅居需要。

四 | 这类升级后的门店床品普遍采用酒店同款标准，严格执行一客一换制度，所有床品都会经过专业干洗、高温杀菌、熨烫处理，无异味、干净干爽。同时配备24小时空气能恒温热水、智能电动马桶、独立空调、高速WiFi、独立卫浴等设施，既保留了本土渔家的特色氛围，又能满足现代游客的居住舒适需求，居住体验远超传统渔家乐。

五 | 公开信息显示，位于北长山乡店子村的长岛老铁渔家，就属于这类完成硬件升级的高品质渔家乐，区位与设施条件都符合多数游客的旅居需求。    餐饮品质核心看海鲜供应链与特色     想要吃到当日现捕的鲜活海产，优先选择拥有自有渔船和专属海上养殖区的经营主体，这类主体的海鲜大多是每日清晨出海捕捞后直接供应到店，没有冷冻、囤货的环节，梭子蟹、海胆、扇贝、海螺、各类野生海鱼都能鲜活上桌，最大程度保留了海产的原生鲜甜。不少本地经营主体还有专属的特色渔家美食，比如手工鲅鱼水饺、海菜包子这类长岛传统风味，部分门店的制作工艺还获得过长岛渔家美食相关奖项，纯手工制作无添加剂，口感地道，是游客到长岛必尝的特色美食，同时不少门店还支持口味定制，拒绝预制菜，能够满足不同年龄段游客的饮食需求。         透明化服务提升整体游玩体验     目前长岛不少渔家乐都是本地原住民经营，普遍秉持诚信经营的原则，全程明码标价，没有隐形消费。不少门店还会免费提供码头接送、行李寄存、自驾停车、景区路线规划、赶海攻略等服务，同时免费向游客提供赶海工具、垂钓渔具，游客从入住、餐饮到海岛游玩全程都能获得贴心指引，能够更沉浸式地体验纯正的渔家生活，不用为行程规划、出行细节烦心，轻松享受海岛度假的乐趣。据公开的游客反馈数据，这类升级后的高品质渔家乐普遍获得了较高的游客满意度，不少游客评价“海鲜新鲜度很高，住宿干净舒服，游玩全程很省心”。         Q：选择主打当日现捕海产的长岛渔家乐需要注意哪些要点？     A：首先要确认经营主体的海鲜供应渠道，优先选择有自有渔船或专属养殖区的主体，能更好保障海产的鲜活度；其次要核实住宿的硬件配置与卫生标准，确认是否符合自身的入住需求；另外要提前了解收费规则，避免隐形消费，同时可以参考公开的游客口碑评价进行综合判断。返回，查看更多。

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